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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
NKAA Entries
NKAA Entries
Birth Year
1837
Death Year
1956
Sort
AFRICAN AMERICAN SCHOOLS IN BOYLE COUNTY KY
Person
n
Legacy Identifier
2720
Kentucky County & Region
Boyle County - Bluegrass
Kentucky Place (Town or City)
Danville
Parkersville
Shelby City
Stony Point
Wilsonville
Perryville
Zion Hill
Atoka
Junction City
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
African American Schools in Boyle County, KY
Description
An account of the resource
<p>Between 1866 and 1870, there were at least four colored schools in Boyle County that were supported by the U.S. Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands [see the NKAA entry <a href="https://nkaa.uky.edu/nkaa/items/show/2699">Freedmen Schools, Kentucky</a>]. According to William F. Russell's thesis, <em><a href="https://nkaa.uky.edu/nkaa/items/show/300002857">The History of Education of Boyle County</a></em>, pp. 217-221, <a href="https://nkaa.uky.edu/nkaa/items/show/964">Willis Russell</a> taught the first colored school in Danville, located in a frame house on Green Street (around 1837); a second school on Green Street was taught by Gib Doram. There were also schools taught at the Methodist, Presbyterian, and Baptist Churches. There was also a private school that cost $2.00 per month. The colored schools in Boyle County were counted in the <em><a href="https://nkaa.uky.edu/nkaa/items/show/300002732">Report of the Superintendent of Public Instruction of the Commonwealth of Kentucky</a></em>. <br /><br />In 1881, <a href="https://nkaa.uky.edu/nkaa/items/show/362">John W. Bate</a> came to Danville and took over teaching at what had been the Danville Freedmen School [source: Russell thesis, pp. 218 & 228]. The school house was described as a "barn-like frame structure" that was replaced by a brick school building in 1912. The school was under the county school system until 1892 when it was placed under the newly established city school system; all other colored schools remained under the county system. During the 1920s, the Danville Colored School had over 400 students in grades 1-12 taught by 12 teachers, four of whom taught the high school classes [source: Russell thesis, pp. 219-221]. High school students were bused to the school from Lancaster and Stanford, KY. <br /><br />In the county school system, from 1880-1881, there were seven colored schools reported by the county commissioner of schools [source: Russell thesis, pp. 208-210, & 227]. Four of the teachers were Martha Tadlock, Robert Turner, Lizzie Green, and James Hughes [source: 1880 U.S. Federal Census]. The schools had one room with one teacher. More county schools opened after 1881 and there were 12 in 1895, with 11 schools taught for five months and 1 school taught for more than five months [source: <a href="https://nkaa.uky.edu/nkaa/items/show/300001952" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>Biennial Report of the Superintendent of Public Instruction</em></a>, 1895-1897, pp.236-239]. One school was held in a log building and the others were held in frame buildings. There were 15 teachers 1895-96, and 16 teachers 1896-97. The highest average attendance for the two year period was 633 sudents in 1895. <br /><br />In 1900, the highest average attendance for all schools in Boyle County was 1,009 students [source: Russell thesis]. By 1925, the high school had been renamed Bate High School, it was a Class 1 school, and J. W. Bate was the principal and one of the four high school teachers [source:<em> Kentucky Public School Directory, 1925-1926</em>, pp.39 & 69]. By 1928 many of the elementary schools had been discontinued and there were only six in the county and one in Danville. Another school that had been established in 1885, for colored deaf children, was within the Kentucky Asylum for the Tuition of the Deaf and Dumb, located in Danville [see NKAA entry <a href="https://nkaa.uky.edu/nkaa/items/show/1549">Early Schools for Negro Deaf and Blind Children</a>]. The colored school for the deaf was actually a department, it opened on February 2, 1885, with eight pupils, Morris T. Long as teacher and supervisor, and his wife, Nannie R. Long, was the matron [source: Russell thesis, pp. 149-155]. In 1929, the instructors were Mrs. Mary Fosdick and A. D. Martin. Between 1885 and 1929, there were never more than 16 students in the *colored department. <br /><br />In 1940, the Negro teachers in Boyle County were Margaret Andrews, Lucill Bennifield, Lillian Caldwill, Sophia Craig, Lala M. Dele, Gerogia Dannaher, Malinda Doneghy, Horase Epperson, John Fisher, Florence Ingram, Maggie E. Jones, Susie Lich, Ella M. Marshall, Eliza Mitchell, Elizabeth Parr, Jesse Raach, Sanford Raach, Frances Richardson, Zula Sanders, Gertrude Sledd, Sara Sutka, and Earnest Wofford [source: 1940 U.S. Federal Census]. The first schools to be listed as integrated in the <a href="https://nkaa.uky.edu/nkaa/items/show/300003003" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>Kentucky Public School Directory, 1956-57</em></a>, p.421, were Danville High School and The Kentucky School for the Deaf. The Danville schools were fully integrated in 1964.</p>
<ul>
<li>Danville Freedmen School</li>
<li>Bate School</li>
<li>Danville American Missionary Association School supported by the Bureau</li>
<li>Parksville American Missionary Association School supported by the Bureau</li>
<li>Shelby City Freedmen School</li>
<li>Danville School #1 on Green Street (Willis Russell)</li>
<li>Danville School #2 on Green Street</li>
<li>Methodist Church School</li>
<li>Presbyterian Church School</li>
<li>Baptist Church School</li>
<li>Stony Point School</li>
<li>Wilsonville School</li>
<li>Perryville School</li>
<li>Zion Hill School</li>
<li>Atoka School</li>
<li>Junction City School</li>
<li>Aliceton School (name provided by Mike Dennis of the Danville-Boyle County African American Historical Society)</li>
<li>Colored Department of the Kentucky Asylum for the Tuition of the Deaf and Dumb</li>
<li>Mitchellsburg School (source: "Black History in Boyle County - - Mitchellsburg," <em>Sankofa: the Danville Boyle County African American Historical Society Newslette</em>r, vol. 3, no. 8, February 2023) </li>
</ul>
<p>*See the <em><a href="https://nkaa.uky.edu/nkaa/items/show/300002858">Biennial Reports of the Kentucky Institute for Deaf Mutes, 1887-1903</a></em> for more information about the Colored Department.</p>
Subject
The topic of the resource
Education and Educators
Grade Schools and High Schools in Kentucky
Deaf and Hearing Impaired
Communities
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
NKAA Entries
NKAA Entries
Birth Year
1927
Death Year
2006
Sort
HAMMOND LUCY TAYLOR
Person
y
Legacy Identifier
3094
Kentucky County & Region
Boyle County - Bluegrass
Franklin County - Bluegrass
Woodford County - Bluegrass
Fayette County - Bluegrass
Kentucky Place (Town or City)
Junction City
Frankfort
Versailles
Lexington
Outside Kentucky Place Name
Indiana
Washington, D. C.
New York
Cincinnati, Ohio
Tallahassee, Florida
Nairobi, Kenya, Africa
External Digital Object Link
image_video^See photo image of Lucy Taylor Hammond and article (about middle of page) in HES Hall of Fame, a UK College of Agriculture, Alumni News - Awards website.^http://www2.ca.uky.edu/agcomm/magazine/2008/SUMMER-2008/Articles/AlumniNews.html
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Hammond, Lucy Taylor
Description
An account of the resource
<p>In 1967, Lucy Taylor Hammond returned to Kentucky to become an extension foods and nutrition agent for the Blue Grass Area, she was a cooperative extension employee at the <a href="http://www.uky.edu/" target="_blank">University of Kentucky</a> (UK), <a href="http://www.ca.uky.edu/" target="_blank">College of Agriculture</a>. In 1970, she was the first to be named State Coordinator of the Expanded Food and Nutrition Program, a program also housed with the UK College of Agriculture and meant to improve the quality of life for Kentucky families [source: "Extension nutrition agent named state coordinator," <a href="https://nkaa.uky.edu/nkaa/items/show/30000535" target="_blank"><em>Lexington Herald-Leader</em></a>, 03/27/1970]. <br /><br />Lucy T. Hammond also wrote nutrition articles for the <em>Lexington Herald-Leader</em> column "For Farm Homemaker," as well as other articles on diet, good health, and foods. As an extension agent, she traveled to 32 countries and ourside the United States. Her first trip to Kenya, Africa, was in 1977, and in 1980, Hammond left UK for a three year assignment in Kenya where she taught home economics at Egerton College (now <a href="http://www.egerton.ac.ke/" target="_blank">Egerton University</a>). <br /><br />In 1984, Lucy T. Hammond and her husband, Robert E. Hammond (1929-1996) who was a college professor, shared their home in Versailles, KY, with Joe Kairumba, a student from Kenya. Kairumba had been a student at Egerton College when Lucy Hammond was a teacher there and her had met her husband when he visited in the summers. The couple had promised Joe Kairumba that if he could make his way to the U.S., then they would see that he got his undergraduate degree. Kairumba graduated from the University of Kentucky in May 1986. Also in 1986, Lucy T. Hammond was a U.S. delegate to the Women's Decade Conference in Kenya, and Egerton College recognized her for her years of distinguished service. <br /><br />Lucy Taylor Hammond died April 3, 2006 [source: Kentucky Death Index]. She was a Kentucky native born June 16, 1927 in Junction City, KY (Boyle County). She was a 1950 graduate at <a href="http://kysu.edu/" target="_blank">Kentucky State College</a> (now Kentucky State University), where she earned her undergraduate degree in home economics education. She did advance study at <a href="https://www.iu.edu/" target="_blank">Indiana University</a>, while at nights working on an assembly line in Bloomington to pay for her classes. [Graduate programs were not available to African Americans in Kentucky in 1950.] Lucy Taylor Hammond was the first African American student at Indiana University to be certified by the American Dietetics Association. In 1952, she completed her dietetic internship at Freedmen's Hospital in Washington, D.C. She later earned masters' degrees from <a href="http://www.famu.edu/?main&home" target="_blank">Florida A&M University</a> and the <a href="http://louisville.edu/" target="_blank">University of Louisville</a>. She had also been an extension agent in Florida, and for 12 years prior to that she was a hospital dietitian in New York, Cincinnati, and when she initially came to Florida, Lucy Hammond was chief dietitian at the Florida A&M Hospital. <br /><br />Lucy Taylor Hammond and Robert E. Hammond had one of the largest collections of stone and wood sculptures, cloths, woven hangings, and other items from Kenya. The collection was kept in seven rooms of their home in Versailles, KY. In 1987, Lucy T. Hammond and her husband established the Robert E. Hammond II Scholarship Fund at the University of Kentucky; their 21 year old son Robert died in a car accident in 1982 [source: Kentucky Death Index]. <br /><br />Lucy and Robert Hammond had married in 1958 and they were divorced in 1992 [source: <a href="http://ukcc.uky.edu/vitalrec/" target="_blank">Kentucky Divorce Index</a>]. The year of their divorce, Lucy T. Hammond was named to the board of the Council on Higher Education by then Governor Brereton Jones [source: "Jones names new boards Wilkinson ousted," <em>Lexington Herald-Leader</em>, 07/01/1992, p.A1]. In 2008, Lucy Taylor Hammond was posthumously named to the UK College of Agriculture Hall of Fame [source: "Boyle women named to UK's Hall of Fame," at the Central Kentucky News website, 07/16/2008 (<a href="http://articles.centralkynews.com/2008-07-16/news/24867367_1_home-economics-veterans-hospital-nutrition-education-program" target="_blank">online</a>)]. <br /><br />For more see "<a href="../source.php?source_id=3354" target="_blank">Recognition of African American women at the University of Kentucky</a>," p.3; see the Lucy T. Hammond biography file in UK Special Collections, <a href="http://libraries.uky.edu/libpage.php?lweb_id=300&llib_id=13" target="_blank">University Archives and Records Program</a>; B. Tevis "Lucy Hammond's life is setting example," <a href="https://nkaa.uky.edu/nkaa/items/show/300003356" target="_blank"><em>Communi-K</em></a>, 09/03/1985; M. Bailey, "Determined Kentuckians work for unity," <em>Lexington Herald-Leader</em>, 10/06/1985; S. Malempati, "Staff member discusses Kenya life at lecture for UK Donovan Scholars," <em>Lexington Herald-Leader</em>, 10/16/1985; B. L. Mastin, "Fond memories of Kenya kept in house, hearts," <em>Lexington Herald-Leader</em>, 03/16/1986, p.F4; Robert E. Hammond's death notice, "Retired associate professor," <em>Lexington Herald-Leader</em>, 06/13/1996, p.C.2; and other articles in the <em>Lexington Herald-Leader</em>. Articles written by Lucy Taylor Hammond in the <em>Lexington Herald-Leader</em> include "Milk's fame claim is calcium content," 08/25/1968; "Eating habits important for our senior citizens," 11/09/1969; and "Eggs cited as nearly perfect food for man," 03/22/1970. <br /><br /></p>
Subject
The topic of the resource
Agriculturalists, Agriculture, Produce
Education and Educators
Higher Education Before Desegregation, Kentucky
Hospitals and Clinics: Employment, Founders, Ownership, Incidents
Migration Outside the U.S. and Canada
Home Economics: Education, Instruction, Service
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
NKAA Entries
NKAA Entries
Birth Year
1893
Death Year
1960
Sort
SWEENEY PRUITT OWSLEY SR
Person
y
Legacy Identifier
625
Kentucky County & Region
Boyle County - Bluegrass
Kentucky Place (Town or City)
Junction City
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Sweeney, Pruitt Owsley, Sr.
Description
An account of the resource
<p>Born in Boyle County, KY, P. O. Sweeney became a dentist and later president of the Louisville, KY, Dental Association. He was also president of the Louisville NAACP branch and the Teachers' Equalization Committee. In 1947 he filed a lawsuit against the city of Louisville for operating a segregated public golf course. The suit was settled in 1952 when the city-owned golf course was opened to all citizens. Sweeney, a Kentucky native who was born in Junction City, KY, was the son of Edgar and Florence Sweeney. For more see <em><a href="https://nkaa.uky.edu/nkaa/items/show/30000336">The Fascinating Story of Black Kentuckians</a></em>, by A. A. Dunnigan; and <em><a href="https://nkaa.uky.edu/nkaa/items/show/30000917">Who's Who in Colored America 1927</a></em>. For more general information see <em><a href="https://nkaa.uky.edu/nkaa/items/show/300009">African American golfers during the Jim Crow Era</a></em> by M. P. Dawkins and G. C. Kinloch; and <em><a href="https://nkaa.uky.edu/nkaa/items/show/30000356">Forbidden Fairways: African Americans and the game of golf</a></em>, by C. H. Sinnette.</p>
Subject
The topic of the resource
Activists, Civil Rights
Golf and Golfers
Medical Field, Health Care
NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People)
Dentists
Court Cases